Every heartbeat, thought, blink, and breath depends on a microscopic energy system running inside your cells. That system is built around mitochondria, the tiny organelles often called the “powerhouses” of the cell. The nickname is useful, but it is incomplete. Mitochondria do far more than make energy. They help manage metabolism, cell signaling, inflammation, stress responses, and even the life-or-death decisions of cells. When mitochondria work well, tissues with high ener
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a condition that affects the autonomic nervous system, causing an abnormal increase in heart rate when moving from lying down to standing up. This sudden change can lead to symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and fainting, which significantly impact daily life. Understanding what causes POTS and how it can be treated is essential for those affected and their caregivers to manage the condition effectively. Medical stethoscope o
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